
It is difficult to establish with any certainty the number of Koreans who left the peninsular – either as captives or willingly. According to several reports from war returnees, it is assumed that many of the Korean captives, numbering at least 100,000, remained in Japan. See Munja Kim, “Imjin waeran p’oro”, in Imjin waeran Chosŏn in p’oro ŭi kiŏk, (Jinju: Jinju National Museum, 2010), 122–131 at 126. Other studies put the total captured as low as 20,000. See Naitō Shunpo, Bunroku keichō no eki ni okeru hironin no kenkyū (Tokyo: Tokyo University Press, 1976).